Juana María Álvarez, Eighteenth-Century New Granada (Colombia)
Abstract
One of the few avenues for women to achieve freedom from slavery in the Kingdom of New Granada was to be manumitted by slaveholders. Only ten percent of the enslaved population in New Granada’s central region (state of Cundinamarca) gained their liberty through this legal action. Eufemia Álvarez was part of that small group, as her master Don Juan Álvarez voluntarily manumitted her in the mid eighteenth century. Consequently, her daughter Juana María Álvarez was born in freedom, even if both of them remained servants in Don Juan Álvarez’s household in Guaduas—a rural town that was part of the Royal Road from Honda to Santa Fe. In 1758, Juana María suffered re-enslavement when she was sold and taken to Quito, away from her family. Juana María resorted to the appellate court in Honda to re-claim her freedom and petition for her own protection as well as her daughter’s. Juana María’s biography emerges from legal documents, which record her struggle—and ultimately, her failure—to legitimate her freedom, despite having been voluntarily manumitted by the original slaveholder. Read against the grain, her life serves as a critique of a legal system that failed to protect freed women.
Repository Citation
Díaz Burgos, Ana María. “Juana María Álvarez, Eighteenth-Century New Granada (Colombia).” In As If She Were Free: A Collective Biography of Women and Emancipation in the Americas, edited by Erica L. Ball, Tatiana Seijas, and Terri L. Snyder, 218-235. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020.
Publisher
Cambridge University Press
Publication Date
9-1-2020
Department
Hispanic Studies
Document Type
Book Chapter
Notes
Chapter 12.
Keywords
Burden of proof, Legal culture, Defenders of the poor, Illegal enslavement, Kidnapping, Freedom suits
ISBN
9781108623957
Language
English
Format
text